Photographic apparatus

ABSTRACT

A still camera for use with film having a row of perforations, one for each film frame, has a toothed film transporting wheel which is rotatable by a rapid-transport lever in a first direction to rotate the takeup reel in a direciton to collect the film, and is permanently biased in the other direction. The feeler of a scanning lever is biased against the film in response to rotation of the wheel in the first direction to penetrate into an oncoming perforation and to thereby move a bell crank from a first to a second angular position. The bell crank has a first pallet which engages the teeth of the wheel and holds the latter against rotation in the other direction in the first position of the bell crank and a second pallet which engages the teeth to hold the wheel against rotation in the first direction in the second position of the bell crank. The wheel also serves to cock an impeller in response to rotation in the first direction whereby the impeller causes the feeler to bear against the film. The impeller can be released from the cocked position by a release element to thereby strike against a shutter blade which opens to admit scene light against an unexposed film frame which is located behind the picture taking lens when the feeler extends into a perforation. The feeler is withdrawn from the perforation and the bell crank is caused to reassume the first position when the impeller returns to its uncocked position.

@ttited States Patent 1 Hackenberg et al.

[ Nov. 6, 1973 PHOTOGRAPHIC APPARATUS [75] lnventors: HubertHackenberg;Rainer Spinnler; Horst Karl, all of Munich, Germany [73] Assignee:AGFA-Gevaert Aktiengesellschaft,

Leverkusen, Germany [22] Filed: Mar. 23, 1971 [21] Appl. No.: 127,237

[30] Foreign Application Priority Data lrwin 95/31 X Engelsmann 95/31 XPrimary ExaminerSamuel S. Matthews Assistant ExaminerMichael L. GellnerAttorney-Michael S. Striker [57] ABSTRACT A still camera for use withfilm having a row of perforations, one for each film frame, has atoothed film transporting wheel which is rotatable by a rapid-transportlever in a first direction to rotate the takeup reel in a direciton tocollect the film, and is permanently biased in the other direction. Thefeeler of a scanning lever is biased against the film in response torotation of the wheel in the first direction to penetrate into anoncoming perforation and to thereby move a bell crank from a first to asecond angular position. The bell crank has a first pallet which engagesthe teeth of the wheel and holds the latter against rotation in theother direction in the first position of the bell crank and a secondpallet which engages the teeth to hold the wheel against rotation in thefirst direction in the second position of the bell crank. The wheel alsoserves to cock an impeller in response to rotation in the firstdirection whereby the impeller causes the feeler to bear against thefilm. The impeller can be released from the cocked position by a releaseelement to thereby strike against a shutter blade which opens to admitscene light against an unexposed film frame which is located behind thepicture taking lens when the feeler extends into a perforation. Thefeeler is withdrawn from the perforation and the bell crank is caused toreassume the first position when the impeller returns to its uncockedposition.

29 Claims, 2 Drawing Figures PATENTEDnUv slurs SHEET 10F 2 INVENTORHUBERT HACKENBERG RAINER SPINN HORST KARL //z/44 LER SHEET 2 BF 2PATENTEUNUV 6 1975 INVENTOR HUBERT HACKENBERG BAINER SPINNLER BY OR KARLZZZ/4&1" [/9 1 PHOTOGR'APHIC APPARATUS BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONSUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the invention is to provide anovel and improved film transporting mechanism'for use in a photographicapparatus which employs roll film of the type having a row ofperforations, one for each film frame.

Another object of the invention is to provide a novel and improvedblocking device for automatically preventing further transport of filmwhen the film transporting mechanism places a fresh frame into registrywith the picture taking lens of the photographic apparatus.

A further object of the invention is to provide a photographic apparatusof the above outlined character wherein the film can be transported in anovel way by means of a rapid transport lever.

An additional object of the invention is to provide a novel and improvedoperative connection between the film transporting mechanism, the filmscanning device and the blocking device for film transporting mechanismin photographic apparatus which utilize roll film having a row ofperforations, one for each film frame.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a photographicapparatus of the above outlined character with a film transportingmechanism which can operate properly when the scanning device tracks aportion of of the film which is without perforations or a strip which isattached to the leading or trailing end of the film and is also withoutperforations to thus insure satisfactory transport of the film even ifthe scanning device fails to detect perforations at regular intervals.

In accordance with a feature of the invention, the improved photographicapparatus comprises ahousing or body including means defining a path forroll film of the type having a row of perforations, one for each filmframe, film transporting means mounted in the housing and including awheel or an analogous transporting member which is rotatable in a firstdirection to thereby transport the film along the path and in a seconddirection to return to a starting position, scanning means includingfeeler means arranged to track the film along the film path and to enteran oncoming perforation, and blocking means movable by the-scanningmeans from a first to a second position in response to entry of thefeeler means into a perforation. The blocking means comprises a firstportion which prevents rotation of the transporting member in the seconddirection in the first position of the blocking means and a secondportion which prevents rotation of the transporting member in the firstdirection in the second position of the blocking means, i.e., inresponse to penetration of the feeler means into an oncomingperforation.

The novel features which are considered as characteristic of theinvention are set forth in particular in the appended claims. Theimproved photographic apparatus itself, however, both as to itsconstruction and its mode of operation, together with additionalfeatures and advantages thereof, will be best understood upon perusal ofthe following detailed description of certain specific embodiments withreference to the accompanying drawing.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIG. 1 is a schematic horizontalsectional view of a still camera which embodies one form of theinvention; and

FIG. 2 is a similar schematic horizontal sectional view of a secondstill camera.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Referring first to FIG. 1,there is shown a still camera having a housing or body 1 including afront wall which carries a mount 10 for a picture taking lens. Thecamera further comprises a film transporting mechanism including aso-called rapid transport lever 2 which is accessible from without thehousing 1 and can rotate a takeup reel TR in the housing by way of awheel-shaped film transporting member 4 and a one-way clutch 44 which isinterposed between the wheel 4 and takeup reel TR. The lever 2 ispivotable on a vertical shaft 102 which is coaxial with the wheel 4 andtakeup reel TR. Ahelical spring 3 is provided to normally bias the lever2 to a starting position in which the lever bears against a fixed stop19 in or on the housing 1.

An intermediate portion of the rapid transport lever 2 carries a motiontransmitting projection or pin 2a which extends into an arcuate slot orgroove 4a of the wheel 4. The latter is formed with an annulus of gearteeth 104 meshing with the teeth of a first intermediate gear 6. Thegear 6 meshes with a second intermediate gear 7 which drives a furthergear 8 rotatable about the axis of a shaft 9. A helical spring 5 isattached to the housing 1 and tends to rotate the wheel 4 in a clockwisedirection as viewed in FIG. 1. The wheel 4 is arrested in a startingposition when its end face 4b abuts against the pin 2a while the lever 2abuts against the stop 19.

The wheel 4 forms part of a gear train which further includes the gears6, 7 and 8. The latter is provided with an eccentric motion transmittingor cocking pin 8a which can pivot an actuating member or impeller 10rotatable about the axis of the shaft 9. The impeller 10 has a longerarm which is attached to a helical spring 13 serving to urge the arm 100against the cocking pin 8a and to store energy when the impeller 10 isrotated in a clockwise direction from the illustrated uncocked orinoperative position in response to a counterclockwise rotation of thewheel 4. A shorter arm 10a of the impeller 10 carries a stud 10a whichcan engage one leg of a torsion spring 15. The latter is convolutedaround the shaft 9 and its legs bear against two posts 12a, 12b on ascanning or sensing lever 12. When the stud 10a engages the right-handleg of the torsion spring 15, the scanning lever 12 tends to pivot onthe shaft 9 in a clockwise direction, as viewed in FIG. 1, against theopposition of a helical return spring 14 which is attached to a portionof the housing 1. The scanning lever 12 is movable between two abutments22a, 22b and has an extension or feeler 12d which bears against thefront side of photographic roll film 11 so as to penetrate into anoncoming perforation 11a of the film under the action of the stud a andtorsion spring 15. The scanning lever 12 bears against the abutment 22bunder the action of the return spring 14 when the stud 10a of theimpeller 10 is disengaged from the adjacent leg of the torsion spring15. When the torsion spring 15 is deformed by the stud 10a and thefeeler 12d extends into a perforation 11a of the film 11, the scanninglever 12 bears against the abutment 22a. The film 11 is guided along apredetermined film path in front of a conventional pressure plate PP andbehind a window (not shown) which registers with the objective in thelens mount 1a. The distance between the perforations lla is such that afresh film frame is located behind the lens mount la whenever the feeler12d of the scanning lever 12 enters an oncoming perforation 11a. Thefilm 11 is being paid out by a supply reel (not shown) and is collectedby the takeup reel TR when the wheel 4 is rotated in a counterclockwisedirection by way of the rapid transport lever 2. The direction of filmtransport is indicated by the arrow 11b. The bias of the torsion spring15 exceeds the bias of the return spring The camera further comprises ablocking or arresting device here shown as a bell crank 16 having twointegral arms provided with blocking portions or pallets 16a and 16b.The bell crank 16 is pivotable on a shaft 17 and has a projection or lug1160 flanked by the legs of a torsion spring 18 which is convolutedaround the shaft 17. The legs of the torsion spring 18 further flank apin or stud 12c of the scanning lever 12. When the spring 14 is free tomaintain the scanning lever 12 in engagement with the abutment 22b, thebell crank 16 dwells in the illustrated first position and its pallet16b extends into the adjacent space between two teeth 104 of the wheel 4to thus prevent a clockwise rotation of the wheel under the action ofthe spring 5. When the feeler 12d is caused to penetrate into anoncoming perforation 11a under the action of the torsion spring 15 andstud 10a of the impeller 10, thescanning member 12 engages the abutment22a and its stud 12c causes the torsion spring 18 topivot the bell crank16 in a clockwise direction, as viewed in FIG. 1, to a second positionso that the pallet 16b is disengaged from the teeth 104 but the pallet16a engages the adjacent teeth 104 in such away that the wheel 4 is heldagainst rotation in a counterclockwise direction but is free to rotateclockwise under the action of the spring 5. The pallet 16b remains inthe first position (in the space between the adjacent teeth 104 of thewheel 4) even when the stud 10a bears against the adjacent leg of thetorsion spring 15 so that the feeler 12d is biased against the film 11.The latter offers sufficient resistance to pivotal movement of thescanning lever 12 in a clockwise direction to prevent disengagement ofthe 'pallet 16b from the wheel 4 before the feeler 12d enters anoncoming perforation 11a.

The camera further comprises a release element 21 here shown as atwo-armed lever which is pivotable on a pin 21c and is biased against astationary stop 21d by a helical spring 21e. The left-hand arm of therelease element 21 has two rearwardly extending retaining projections orteeth 21a, 21b either one of which can prevent the arm 100 of theimpeller 10 from moving in a counterclockwise direction after the arm100 has been rotated by the cocking pin 8a of the gear 8 to such anextent that its tip moves to a position located to the right of thetooth 21a or 21b, as viewed in FIG. 1. The shutter of the cameracomprises at least one blade 20 which normally assumes a closed positionunder the action of a suitable spring (not shown) and is propelled to anopen position in response to pivoting of the release element 21 in thedirection indicated by the arrow 21f. Such pivoting of the releaseelement 2licauses the tooth 21a or 21b to become disengaged from the arm100 of the impeller 10 so that the latter can pivot under the action ofthe spring 13 and causes its arm 100 to strike against the shutter blade20. The blade 20 is mounted in such a way thatit can be bypassed by thearm 10s when the latter is moved clockwise by the cocking pin 8a butthat it extends into the path of the arm 100 when the latter pivotsunder the action of the spring 13.;Such types of shutters are well knownin the art. Reference may be had to US. Pat. No. 3,526,178 granted toFauth and owned by the assignee of the present application.

The operation:

FIG. 1 illustratesthe parts of the camera in positions they assume uponcompletion of an exposure. The impeller 10 is held in the uncooked orinoperative position and bears against the eccentric pin 8a of the gear8 under the action of the spring 13. The spring 14 maintains thescanning lever 12 in engagement with the abutment 22b and the stud 120of the lever l2'causes the torsion spring 18 to maintain the pallet 16bof the bell crank 16 in engagement with the adjacent teeth 104 of thewheel 4. The rapid transport lever 2 abuts against the stop 19 under theaction of the spring 3 and the end face 4b in the groove 4a of the wheel4 abuts against the pin 2a under the action of the spring 5. The releaseelement 21 abuts against the top 21d under the actionthe spring 21e.

Prior to making the next exposure, the user of the camera must transportthe film 11 by the length of a frame. Repeated actuation of the releaseelement 21 prior to completion of film transport would not result inadmission of scene light because the arm 100 of the impeller 10 islocated to the left of the shutter blade 20. To transport the film, theuser pivots the lever 2 in a counterclockwise direction, as viewed inFIG. 1, whereby the pin 2a bears against the end face 4b and rotates thewheel 4 in a counterclockwise direction. The one-way clutch 44 causesthe takeup reel TR to rotate with the wheel 4 whereby the film 11advances in the direction indicated by the arrow 11b. As the wheel 4rotates, it drives the transmission including the gears 6, 7 and 8whereby the eccentric cocking pin 8a of the gear 8 pivots the impeller10 in a clockwise direction. The springs 3 and 5 are caused to storeenergy, together with the spring 13 which causes the arm of the impeller10 to bear against the cocking pin 8a. The torsion spring 18 yields whenthe wheel 4 rotates in a counterclockwise direction so that the pallet16b of the bell crank 16 rides over successive teeth 104 but preventsthe wheel 4 from rotating in a clockwise direction under the action ofthe spring 5. The purpose of the pallet 16b is to prevent clockwiserotation of the wheel 4 if the rapid transport lever 2 is released bythe operators fingers prior to completion of film transport by thelength of a frame. The lever 2 is free to return into engagement withthe stop 19 as soon as its exposedportion is released because the spring3 is mounted in prestressed condition and is able to pivot the lever 2with reference to the wheel 4 whereby the pin 2a travels in the groove4a in a direction away from the end face 4.

As mentioned before, the arm 100 of the impeller can bypass or movebeyond the shutter blade20 while the impeller rotates in a clockwisedirection with the cocking pin 8a of the gear 8. Once the arm 10c movesbeyond the tooth 21a or 21b of the release element21, it cannot returnto the illustrated uncooked or inoperative position even if the gear 8is caused to rotate in a counterclockwise direction to move the pin 8aaway from the arm 10c because the latter is held by the tooth 21a or 21bas long as the release element 21 remains in the illustrated startingposition. While the cocking pin 8a'pivots the impeller 10 in a clockwisedirection, the stud 10a on the arm 10a of the impeller 10 stresses thetorsion spring which urges the feeler 12d of the scanning lever 12against the front side of the film 11 while the film advances in thedirection indicated by the arrow 11b. When the feeler 12d is caused bytorsion spring 15 to penetrate into the oncoming perforation 11a of thefilm 11, the stud 120 of the scanning lever 12 pivots the bell crank 16in a clockwise direction to a second position so that the pallet 16bbecomes disengaged from the adjacent teeth 104. At the same time, thepallet 16a engages the nearest tooth 104 and prevents further rotationof the wheel 4 in a counterclockwise direction, i.e., in a direction tomove the film 11 in the direction indicated by the arrow 11b. The pallet16a does not interfere with the clockwise rotary movement of the wheel 4so that the wheel 4 rotates under the action of the spring 5 and comesto a halt when the end face 4b in the groove 4a engages the pin 2a ofthe rapid transport lever 2 which is assumed to abut against the stop19. The gears 6, 7 then cause the gear 8 to rotate in a counterclockwisedirection and to move its cocking pin 8a away from the arm 100 of theimpeller 10. However, the latter cannot pivot under the action of thespring 13 because its arm 100 is engaged by the tooth 21a or 21b of therelease element 2.1. It can happen that the pin 8a of the gear 8 movesthe arm 100 in a clockwise direction beyond the right-hand tooth 21b.This does not affect the operation of the camera because, as the wheel 4rotates in a clockwise direction under the action of the spring 5 andthe gears 6, 7 drive the gear 8 in a counterclockwise direction to movethe pin 8a back to theposition shown in FIG. 1, the arm 10c can pivotunder the action of the spring 13 only until it reaches the nearesttooth, e.g., the tooth 21b of the release element 21. The impeller 10then comes to a halt in the operative or cocked position even though thepin 8a moves away from the arm 10c.

The exposure is made. in response to pivoting'of the release element 21in the direction indicated by the arrow 21f. The tooth 21a or 21b movesaway from the arm 10c so that the spring 13 is free to contract and topropel the impeller 10 in a counterclockwise direction. The arm 10cstrikes against the shutter blade to rapidly propel the blade to itsopen position. The arm is then free to bypass the blade 20 and returnsinto abutment with the cocking pin 8a. The shutter blade 20 returns tothe illustrated closed position under the action of the aforementionedspring to thus terminate the exposure.

When the arm 10c returns into abutment with the cocking pin 8a, the arm10a moves its stud 10a away from the adjacent leg of the torsion spring15 so that the spring 14 is free to contract and moves the scanninglever 12 into engagement with the abutment 22b. Consequently, the feeler12d is withdrawn from the adjacent perforation 11a so that the filmtransporting mechanism is free to transport the film l 1 by the lengthof a frame. The scanning lever 12 causes its stud 12c to pivot the bellcrank 16 back to the first position shown in FIG. 1 (by way of the lug1160 and torsion spring 18) whereby the pallet 16a moves away from theadjacent tooth 104 to permit rotation of the wheel 4 in acounterclockwise direction. At the same time, the pallet 16b preventsrotation of the wheel 4 in a clockwise direction under the action of thespring 5. The release element 21 automatically returns into engagementwith the stop 21d under the action of the spring 21e as soon as thefinger pressure in the direction of arrow 21 f is relaxed or terminated.The camera is then ready for the next film transport which must precedethe next exposure.

In order to insure that the lever 2 and wheel 4 can return to theillustrated starting positions even if the leader or the trailing end ofthe film l is connected with a strip of paper or the like which is notprovided with perforations, the camera of FIG. 1 further comprises adisengaging lever 26 which is pivotable on a vertical shaft 24 and isbiased by a spring 25. The free end of the disengaging lever 26 normallyabuts against a projection or pin 4c of the wheel 4 whereby a projectionor stud 26a on an intermediate portion of the lever 26 remains spacedfrom the right-hand arm of the bell crank 16. When the wheel 4 isrotated in a counterclockwise direction through an angle which exceedsthe angle necessary to transport the film by the length of a frame (forexample, when the leader of the film 11 is connected with a paper stripwithout perforations), a second projection or pin 4d of the wheelcompletes at least one-half of a full revolution about the axis of theshaft 102 and begins to pivot the disengaging lever 26 in a clockwisedirection whereby the stud 26a disengages the pallet 16b from theadjacent teeth 104 to enable the spring 5 to return the wheel 4 into thestarting position. Such return movement of the wheel 4 to startingposition can take place when the lever 2 is released to the action ofthe spring 3 and abuts against the stop 19. Thus, the wheel 4 canperiodically return'to its starting position even while the feeler 12dtracks a web which is not provided with perforations. This insures thatthe film can be transported forwardly (arrow 11b) even if its leader orits trailing end is connected with an unperforated web or strip of paperor the like- The user of the camera can feel the gradually increasingresistance which the wheel 4 offers to pivoting of the lever 2 in acounterclockwise direction. Such gradually increasing resistance is dueto stressing of the springs 5, 13 and 15. Another advantage of thecamera is that it utilizes a relatively small number of clutches, pawlsand like parts.

FIG. 2 illustrates a second still camera. All such parts of this secondcamera which are identical with or clearly analogous to thecorresponding parts of the camera shown in FIG. 1 are denoted by similarreference characters. The gear 8 in the transmission 6, 7, 8 of FIG. 1is replaced with a lever 31 which is pivotable about the axis of a shaft30 in the housing 1 and has a slot 31a for an eccentric pin 32 of thegear 7. When the gear 7' rotates in a counterclockwise direction inresponse to counterclockwise rotation of the wheel 4 by way of the lever2, the pin 32 enters the slot 31a and pivots the lever 31 in a clockwisedirection whereby a cocking pin 31b of the lever 31 pivots the actuatingmember or impeller 10 against the opposition of the spring 13 so thatthe arm 10c of the impeller moves past the shutter blade 20 and beyondthe tooth 21a of the release element 21. The pin 32 moves out of theslot 31a in response to counterclockwise rotation of the gear 7 througha predetermined angle.

The impeller 10 is pivotable about the axis of the shaft 30, and thisshaft further supports a blocking lever 33 which is biased by a spring33a and bears against a projecting portion or stop l2e on the scanninglever 12. The latter is pivotable on a fixed pin 34. When the pin 32pivots the lever 31 in a clockwise direction (while the wheel 4 rotatesthe takeup reel in a direction to draw the film 11 off the supply reel),the cocking pin 31b pivots the arm 100 of the impeller 10 to move thearm 10c into engagement with the tooth 21a of the release element 21.The stud 10a of the arm 10a pivots the locking lever 33againsttheopposition of the spring 33a so that the upper arm of the locking lever33 moves away from the stop 12e of the scanning lever 12. A stud 10b onthe arm 100 of the impeller 10 stresses the torsion spring on thescanning lever 12 so that the latter causes its feeler 12d to enter anoncoming perforation 11a of the film 11 and to disengage the pallet 16bfrom the teeth 104 while the pallet 16a moves into engagement with theadjacent tooth 104 to prevent further counterclockwise rotation of thewheel 4, i.e., to terminate the transport of the film 11. The wheel 4 isthen free to return to its starting position under the action of thespring 5 whereby the pin 32 pivots the lever'31 in a counterclockwisedirection and moves the cocking pin 31b away from the arm 100 of theimpeller 10. The latter remains in the'operative or cocked position, in

, which the arm 10c engages with the tooth 21a, until the user decidesto make an exposure by pivoting the release element 21 in a clockwisedirection.

In all other respects, the operation of the camera shown in FIG. 1 isidentical withthe operation of the first camera.

It is clear that the improved photographic apparatus is susceptible ofmany additional modifications. For example, the one-piece blocking orarresting device 16 can be replaced with two one-armed levers, one ofwhich carries the pallet 16a and the other of which carries the pallet16b, and a spring which biases the two one-armed levers in oppositedirections. Furthermore, the actuating member or impeller 10 can be usedto actuate a more sophisticated shutter with two or more blades. Stillfurther, the actuating member or impeller 10 can be replaced with thewheel of at Geneva movement which cooperates with the pin 31b of thelever 31 shown in FIG. 2 in such a way that the pin 31b enters one slotof the Geneva wheel when the cocking action is completed and enters thenext slot of the Geneva wheel when the lever 2 is pivoted again totransport the film by the length of a frame. Such arrangement wouldrender it unnecessary to return the lever 3l into the illustratedposition, i.e. the lever 31 or an analogous member can be driven in asingle direction and moves only as long as the wheel 4 rotates in acounterclockwise direction.

Without further analysis, the foregoing .will so fully reveal the gistof the present invention that others can, by applying current knowledge,readily adapt it for various applications without omitting featureswhich fairly constitute essential characteristics of the generic andspecific aspects of our contribution to the art and, therefore, suchadaptations should and are intended to be comprehended within themeaning and range of equivalence of the claims.

What is claimed as new and desired to be protected by Letters Patent isset forth in the appended claims:

1. In a photographic apparatus, a combination com prising a filmtransporting mechanism having a member rotatable by hand to turn in apredetermined direction;

a shutter actuating device movable between an uncocked position and acocked position; discrete motion transmitting means for moving saidshutter actuating device from said uncocked position to said cockedposition in response to turning of said member of said film transportingmechanism in said predetermined direction; a discrete movable filmscanning device; and resilient biasing means for urging said scanningdevice against the photographic film in said apparatus in directresponse to movement of said actuating device to and while saidactuating device dwells in said cocked position thereof.

2. In a photographic apparatus for use with photographic film having arow of perforations, one for each film frame, a combination comprisingmeans defining a path for photographic film;film transporting meansincluding a member turnable in apredetermined direction to therebyeffect the transport of the film along said path; a scanning deviceincluding feeler means arranged to track the film along said path and toenter an oncoming perforation to thereby prevent further movement ofsaid member of said film transporting means in said predetermineddirection; a discrete shutter actuating device movable between a firstposition and a second position; motion transmitting means interposedbetween said member of said film transporting means and said shutteractuating device to move the latter from said first position to saidsecond position in response to movement of said member of said filmtransporting means in said predetermined direction; and resilientbiasing means'for urging said feeler means against the film in said pathin direct response to movement of said shutter actuating device fromsaid first to said second position thereof.

3. A combination as defined in claim 2, wherein at least one of saiddevices is pivotable about a predetermined axis and said member includesa gear, said motion transmitting means comprising at least oneadditional gear receiving torque from said member and further comprisingblocking means for blocking further movement of said member in saidpredetermined direction in response to entry of said feeler means intoan oncoming perforation, .said blocking means receiving motion from saidscanning device and being arranged to engage at least one tooth of oneof said gears in response to entry of said feeler means into an oncomingperforation.

4. A combination as defined in claim 2, wherein said biasing meanscomprises a spring which is mounted on one of said devices.

5. A combination as defined in claim 2, further comprising means forsupporting said actuating device for tions.

6. A combination as defined in claim 2, further comprising secondbiasing means for urging said actuating device to said first position.

7. A combination as defined in claim 6, wherein the bias of said firstmentioned biasing means upon said feeler means in said second positionof said actuating device exceeds the bias of said second biasing meansupon said actuating device.

8. A combination as defined in claim 6, further comprising release meansoperable to release saidactuating device to the action of said secondbiasing means.

9. A combination as defined in claim 8, further comprising a shutterhaving at least one portion movable between open and closed positionsand normally assuming said closed position, said portion extending intothe path of movement of said actuating device from said second to saidfirst position so that said portion is propelled by said actuatingdevice from said closed to said open position thereof in response tooperation of said release means.

10. A combination as defined in claim 2, wherein said biasing meansincludes an elongated elastic arm which is deformed to store energy inresponse to movement of said member in said predetermined direction.

11. In a photographic apparatus for use with roll film having a row ofperforations, one for each film frame, a combination comprising ahousing; means in said housing defining a path for roll film; filmtransporting means mounted in said housing and including a transportingmember rotatable in a first direction to thereby transport the filmalong said path and in a second direction; scanning means includingfeeler means arranged to track the film along said path and to enter anoncoming perforation; and blocking means movable by said scanning meansfrom a first position to a second position in response to entry of saidfeeler means into a perforation, said blocking means comprising a firstportion which prevents rotation of said transporting member in saidsecond direction in the first position of said blocking means and asecond portion which prevents rotation of said transporting member insaid first direction in the second position of said blocking means.

12. A combination as defined in claim 11, wherein said transportingmember is a wheel having an annulus of teeth and said first and secondportions of said blocking means respectively comprise first and secondpallets which respectively engage said teeth in the first and secondpositions of said blocking means.

13. A combination as defined in claim 11, wherein said transportingmember is a wheel having an annulus of teeth and said first and secondportions of said blocking means respectively comprise first and. secondpallets which respectively engage said teeth in the first and secondpositions of said blocking means, said second pallet being arranged toride over said teeth to permit rotation of said wheel in said seconddirection in the second position of said blocking means.

14. A combination as defined in claim 11, wherein said blocking meanscomprises abell crank having a first arm including said first portionand a second arm including said second portion.

15. A combination as defined in claim 11, further comprising shuttermeans movable from a closed to an open position, actuating means'movablefrom an inoperative position to an operative position'and from saidoperative position to said inoperative position to thereby move saidshutter means to said open position,

and transmission means for moving said actuating means to said operativeposition in response to rotation of said transporting member in saidfirst direction.

16. A combination as defined in claim 7, further comprising firstbiasing means for urging said feeler means against the film in responseto movement of said actuating means from said inoperative to saidoperative position thereof.

17. A combination as defined in claim 16, further comprising secondbiasing means for permanently urging said feeler means away fromengagement with the film in said path so that said feeler meanswithdrawn from the adjoining perforation of the film in response tomovement of said actuating means to said inoperative position.

18. A combination as defined in claim 17,, wherein the bias of saidfirst biasing means exceeds the bias of said second biasing means sothat said feeler means bears against the film in the operative positionof said actuating means.

19. A combination as defined in claim 15, wherein said actuating meanscomprises impeller means which is cocked in said operative position andis arranged to strike against said shutter means during movement fromsaid operative to said inoperative position.

20. A combination as defined in claim 15, wherein said transmissionmeans comprises a gear having a motion transmitting portion which movessaid actuating means from said inoperative to said operative position inresponse to rotation of said transporting member in said firstdirection.

21. A combination as defined in claim 20, wherein said motiontransmitting portion of said gear is an eccentric pin.

22. A combination as defined in claim 15, wherein said transmissionmeans comprises a lever which is pivotable in a predetermined directionin response to rotation of said transporting member in said firstdirection to thereby move said actuating means from said inoperative tosaid operative position. 1

23. A combination as defined in claim 22, wherein said transmissionmeans further comprises a rotary member which receives motion from saidtransporting member in response to rotation of said transporting memberin said first direction and a pin-and-slot connection between saidrotary member of said transmission means and said lever.

24. A combination as defined in claim 15, further comprising lockingmeans for normally holding said scanning means in a positioncorresponding to the first position of said blocking means and meansprovided on said actuating means for disengaging said locking means fromsaid scanning means in response to movement of said actuating means tosaid operative position thereof.

25. A combination as defined in claim 24, wherein said scanning meanscomprises a first lever which is pivotable about a first axis and saidlocking means comprises a second lever which is pivotable about a secondaxis and normally engages a portion of said first lever, said means fordisengaging comprising a projection provided on said actuating means andarranged to pivot said second lever away from engagement with saidportion of said first lever in response to movement of said actuatingmeans from said inoperative position thereof.

26. A combination as defined in claim 11, further comprising disengagingmeans for moving said block- I ing means to said second positionindependently of said scanning means in response to predeterminedangular movement of said transporting member in said first direction.

' 27; A combination as defined in claim 26, wherein porting member insaid first direction.

28. A combination as defined in claim 27, wherein said transportingmember comprises a second projection arranged to maintain saiddisengaging member out of engagement with said blocking means in astarting position of said transporting member.

29. A combination as defined in claim 11, further comprising a levercoaxial with said transporting member and pivotable by hand to rotatesaid transporting member in said first direction.

t t i i

1. In a photographic apparatus, a combination comprising a filmtransporting mechanism having a member rotatable by hand to turn in apredetermined direction; a shutter actuating device movable between anuncocked position and a cocked position; discrete motion transmittingmeans for moving said shutter actuating device from said uncockedposition to said cocked position in response to turning of said memberof said film transporting mechanism in said predetermined direction; adiscrete movable film scanning device; and resilient biasing means forurging said scanning device against the photographic film in saidapparatus in direct response to movement of said actuating device to andwhile said actuating device dwells in said cocked position thereof. 2.In a photographic apparatus for use with photographic film having a rowof perforations, one for each film frame, a combination comprising meansdefining a path for photographic film; film transporting means includinga member turnable in a predetermined direction to thereby effect thetransport of the film along said path; a scanning device includingfeeler means arranged to track the film along said path and to enter anoncoming perforation to thereby prevent further movement of said memberof said film transporting means in said predetermined direction; adiscrete shutter actuating device movable between a first position and asecond position; motion transmitting means interposed between saidmember of said film transporting means and said shutter actuating deviceto move the latter from said first position to said second position inresponse to movement of said member of said film transporting means insaid predetermined direction; and resilient biasing means for urgingsaid feeler means against the film in said path in direct response tomovement of said shutter actuating device from said first to said secondposition thereof.
 3. A combination as defined in claim 2, wherein atleast one of said devices is pivotable about a predetermined axis andsaid member includes a gear, said motion transmitting means comprisingat least one additional gear receiving torque from said member andfurther comprising blocking means for blocking further movement of saidmember in said predetermined direction in response to entry of saidfeeler means into an oncoming perforation, said blocking means receivingmotion from said scanning device and being arranged to engage at leastone tooth of one of said gears in response to entry of said feeler meansinto an oncoming perforation.
 4. A combination as defined in claim 2,wherein said biasing means comprises a spring which is mounted on one ofsaid devices.
 5. A combination as defined in claim 2, further comprisingmeans for supporting said actuating device for angular movement betweensaid first and second positions.
 6. A combination as defined in claim 2,further comprising second biasing means for urging said actuating deviceto said first position.
 7. A combination as defined in claim 6, whereinthe bias of said first mentioned biasing means upon said feeler means insaid second position of said actuating device exceeds the bias of saidsecond biasing means upon said actuating device.
 8. A combination asdefined in claim 6, further comprising release means operable to releasesaid actuating device to the action of said second biasing means.
 9. Acombination as defined in claim 8, further comprising a shutter havingat least one portion movable between open and closed positions andnormally assuming said closed position, said portion extending into thepath of movement of said actuating device from said second to said firstposition so that said portion is propelled by said actuating device fromsaid closed to said open position thereof in response to operation ofsaid release means.
 10. A combination as defined in claim 2, whereinsaid biasing means includes an elongated elastic arm which is deformedto store energy in rEsponse to movement of said member in saidpredetermined direction.
 11. In a photographic apparatus for use withroll film having a row of perforations, one for each film frame, acombination comprising a housing; means in said housing defining a pathfor roll film; film transporting means mounted in said housing andincluding a transporting member rotatable in a first direction tothereby transport the film along said path and in a second direction;scanning means including feeler means arranged to track the film alongsaid path and to enter an oncoming perforation; and blocking meansmovable by said scanning means from a first position to a secondposition in response to entry of said feeler means into a perforation,said blocking means comprising a first portion which prevents rotationof said transporting member in said second direction in the firstposition of said blocking means and a second portion which preventsrotation of said transporting member in said first direction in thesecond position of said blocking means.
 12. A combination as defined inclaim 11, wherein said transporting member is a wheel having an annulusof teeth and said first and second portions of said blocking meansrespectively comprise first and second pallets which respectively engagesaid teeth in the first and second positions of said blocking means. 13.A combination as defined in claim 11, wherein said transporting memberis a wheel having an annulus of teeth and said first and second portionsof said blocking means respectively comprise first and second palletswhich respectively engage said teeth in the first and second positionsof said blocking means, said second pallet being arranged to ride oversaid teeth to permit rotation of said wheel in said second direction inthe second position of said blocking means.
 14. A combination as definedin claim 11, wherein said blocking means comprises a bell crank having afirst arm including said first portion and a second arm including saidsecond portion.
 15. A combination as defined in claim 11, furthercomprising shutter means movable from a closed to an open position,actuating means movable from an inoperative position to an operativeposition and from said operative position to said inoperative positionto thereby move said shutter means to said open position, andtransmission means for moving said actuating means to said operativeposition in response to rotation of said transporting member in saidfirst direction.
 16. A combination as defined in claim 7, furthercomprising first biasing means for urging said feeler means against thefilm in response to movement of said actuating means from saidinoperative to said operative position thereof.
 17. A combination asdefined in claim 16, further comprising second biasing means forpermanently urging said feeler means away from engagement with the filmin said path so that said feeler means withdrawn from the adjoiningperforation of the film in response to movement of said actuating meansto said inoperative position.
 18. A combination as defined in claim 17,wherein the bias of said first biasing means exceeds the bias of saidsecond biasing means so that said feeler means bears against the film inthe operative position of said actuating means.
 19. A combination asdefined in claim 15, wherein said actuating means comprises impellermeans which is cocked in said operative position and is arranged tostrike against said shutter means during movement from said operative tosaid inoperative position.
 20. A combination as defined in claim 15,wherein said transmission means comprises a gear having a motiontransmitting portion which moves said actuating means from saidinoperative to said operative position in response to rotation of saidtransporting member in said first direction.
 21. A combination asdefined in claim 20, wherein said motion transmitting portion of saidgear is an eccentric pin.
 22. A combination as defined in claim 15,wherein said transmission means comprises a lever which is pivotable ina predetermined direction in response to rotation of said transportingmember in said first direction to thereby move said actuating means fromsaid inoperative to said operative position.
 23. A combination asdefined in claim 22, wherein said transmission means further comprises arotary member which receives motion from said transporting member inresponse to rotation of said transporting member in said first directionand a pin-and-slot connection between said rotary member of saidtransmission means and said lever.
 24. A combination as defined in claim15, further comprising locking means for normally holding said scanningmeans in a position corresponding to the first position of said blockingmeans and means provided on said actuating means for disengaging saidlocking means from said scanning means in response to movement of saidactuating means to said operative position thereof.
 25. A combination asdefined in claim 24, wherein said scanning means comprises a first leverwhich is pivotable about a first axis and said locking means comprises asecond lever which is pivotable about a second axis and normally engagesa portion of said first lever, said means for disengaging comprising aprojection provided on said actuating means and arranged to pivot saidsecond lever away from engagement with said portion of said first leverin response to movement of said actuating means from said inoperativeposition thereof.
 26. A combination as defined in claim 11, furthercomprising disengaging means for moving said blocking means to saidsecond position independently of said scanning means in response topredetermined angular movement of said transporting member in said firstdirection.
 27. A combination as defined in claim 26, wherein saiddisengaging means comprises a lever pivotable about a predetermined axisand a motion transmitting projection provided on said transportingmember and arranged to pivot said lever in a direction to move saidblocking means to said second position in response to said predeterminedangular displacement of said transporting member in said firstdirection.
 28. A combination as defined in claim 27, wherein saidtransporting member comprises a second projection arranged to maintainsaid disengaging member out of engagement with said blocking means in astarting position of said transporting member.
 29. A combination asdefined in claim 11, further comprising a lever coaxial with saidtransporting member and pivotable by hand to rotate said transportingmember in said first direction.